Ahavuye isanamu, Getty Images
- Umwanditsi, James Copnall
- Igikorwa, Ashikiriza ikiganiro ca BBC Newsday
Mohanad el-Balal ni umwe mu banya-Sudan b’abanyagihugu basanzwe bita ku rutare mu kurwanya inzara yugarije ico gihugu – kandi hari ifoto y’umugabo umwe atazokwigera yibagirwa.
Sadiq, umugabo w’umuhumure afise n’abana, yagumije cane amaboko y’agakinga kiwe k’abagendana ubumuga kugira agume yicaye neza mu gihe amaguru yiwe yanyunyutse cane.
Sadiq ”ari mu ntebe y’abagendana ubumuga ariko si ikimuga”, niko Balal avuga : ”Nta kindi atari uko yabuze ico arya gushika aho atagishobora gutambuka.”
Balal, akorera mu Bwongereza, ni umwe mu bashinze ikigo Khartoum Aid Kitchen, gifasha ibihumbi n’ibihumbi vy’abanya-Sudan kumara kabiri mu kubagaburira ivyo kurya ku murwa mukuru, Khartoum.
Igihe abakorerabushake batora Sadiq, ”yari amaze ukwezi kwose ata vyo kurya nyavyo” aronka, nk’uko Balal avuga, kuko ivyo yaronka vyose yaca abiha abana biwe.
Aho bibabarije, ni uko hari abantu benshi bameze nka Sadiq muri Sudan muri iki gihe.
Igihugu kiriko kiratabagurwa n’intambara hagati y’ingabo z’igisirikare ca reta n’uwundi mugwi witwara bwa gisirikare, Rapid Support Forces (RSF), intambara yatanguye mu kwezi kwa kane mu mwaka uheze.
Abantu barenga miriyoni icenda barahunze barata ingo zabo, kandi mu nzira imwe canke iyindi, nta n’umwe ataragirwako ingaruka n’iyo ntambara.
Kandi ibintu bisa n’ibigiye kuba nabi kuruta.
”Twiteze ko gushika mu kwezi kw’icenda, abantu 70% bazoba bashonje birengeje,” bivugwa na Timmo Gaasbeek, umuhinga ku mutekano ushingiye ku vyo kurya yigeze gukora muri Sudan.
”Ivyo bishobora gutuma hapfa abantu bashika miriyoni zibiri n’inusu, canke barenga. Bashobora kuzoshika miriyoni zine. Muri make nta vyo kurya bikwiye bihari.”
Avuga ko ibikoni vy’indya vyabaye kirumara ariko ngo ntibihagije.
”Intambara yarazingamitse ubutunzi bw’igihugu, abantu nta mafaranga bafise,” bivugwa na Amgad al-Farid, umukambwe mu baharanira uburenganzira bwa zina muntu afise ikigo co kwihweza ibintu n’ibindi Fikra for Studies and Development.
”Ikindi ni uko RFS yigaruriye intara ya Gezira, nayo niyo yabamwo uburimyi bwinshi muri Sudan, ikavamwo vyinshi mu vyo dukenera buri munsi.
”Hanyuma kubera ibiciro vyaduze cane, ibintu biva hanze vyaragabanutse,” nk’uko Dr Farid abisigura.
Muri make, nta vyo kurya bikwiye bihari, navyo bike bibonetse, bizimvye umurengera.
Kuva iyo ntambara itanguye, Ahmed -umwe mu baba muri Omdurman, igisagara kimwe muri bitatu bigize umurwa mukuru – yagumye aha ikiganiro Newsday ca BBC amakuru y’aho ibintu bigeze.
Mu gice kimwe ca Omdurman, kigenzurwa na RSF, ibiciro vyaraduze gushika ku rugero rwa 400% mu bihe vya vuba, niko Ahmed avuga, aho tukaba tumwita izina ryiwe rya mbere gusa.
”Umugore wanje aherutse kuja aho hantu, hanyuma yambwiye ko yasanze abantu benshi barya rimwe ku munsi, rimwe na rimwe n’iryo rimwe bakaribura.
”Si uko vyari bimeze mu mezi make aheze igihe ivyo kurya vyasahuwe mu mahinguriro vyagurishwa make.
”Ubu mu turere tugenzurwa na RSF ivyo kurya vyarazimvye cane kandi ni bike cane.
”Abantu amajana baratonda gushika aho ndi kugira baronke uduharage two kurya mu gitondo. Bamwe baca bongeramwo amazi kugira baje no kuturya mw’ijoro,” nk’uko Ahmed avuga.
Yarageze aho ategerezwa gusigurira abana biwe igituma batakironka ibisuguti bahora bakunda, n’ingene n’ubwo bigoye ku muryango wiwe, hari abahanzwe cane kubarusha.
Ahmed avuga ko imfashanyo y’abagiraneza ibashikira gake cane, ko abantu batunzwe no kugaburirwa n’iryo shirahamwe ryazanye ibikoni vy’ivyo kurya. Ariko naryo ubu amafarahga ariko arariherana, hamwe no kubura aho kugurira ivyo kurya.
Balal wo muri Khartoum Aid Kitchen arazi abantu babuze ico barya gushika aho bapfa.
Abantu barahanzwe cane, barapfa, atari muri Khartoum gusa, no muri Darfur, Kordofan, Gezira n’ahandi.
Ayman Musa wo mw’ishirahamwe South Kordofan and Blue Nile Coordination Unit avuga kon hari abantu mu misozi ya Nuba bateka amababi y’ibiti kugira inzara ntibice.
Abakozi b’amashirahamwe yo gufasha, nka Justin Brady, arongoye urwego rwa ONU rwo gufasha abari mu kaga Ocha muri Sudan, barababazwa n’ingene amakungu atitayeho intambara yo muri Sudan, berekana ingene adatanga uburyo bukenewe mu gufasha abantu bahanzwe.
Amafaranga arenga miriyaridi 2 z’ama dorari yaremewe mu nama yabereye i Paris mu kwezi kwa kane, ariko Brady avuga ko ” ivyo vyabaye uruhendo”.
”Dusanga ayadashika umuriyaridi ari yo agenewe gufasha abari mu kaga muri Sudan, nayo nyene amwe aja yaramaze gukoreshwa, ayandi mu yemewe ntaratangwa.”
Abanya-Sudan benshi babona ko isi yirengagiza amagorwa barimwo.
”Impane zompi zikoresha kwicisha abantu inzara nk’ikirwanisho co mu ntanbara,” bivugwa na Alex de Waal wo muri World Peace Foundation. Amaze imyaka hafi 40 yiga ibibazo vy’inzara n’amatati muri Sudan.
RSF, nk’uko bivugwa na De Waal, ”ahanini ni imashini co gusahura.
”Bashwara ibisagara n’ibigwati hagati mu gihugu, biba ico bahasanze cose, uko niko baronka ibibabeshaho.”
Mu gihe ingabo za reta ”zigerageza kwicisha inzara uturere tugenzurwa na RSF” kugira zirushirize kunaniza umukeba.
Izo mpande zibiri, nk’uko De Waal abandanya avuga, ”ntizerekana ibimenyetso vy’uko zifuza guheba ico kigwanisho kizimbutse kandi gikora neza cane”.
Impande zompi zirahakana io kirego.
Ariko mu gihugu cose, abantu barashonje, ntibazi ahaja kuva ico birirwa bariye canke ico bararira – kandi rimwe rimwe, bagapfa kubera inzara.
Ico benshi bemeranya ni uko, intanbara idahagaze, hanyuma ngo habe kugarukira n’uburyo bwinshi cane abantu batagira ic’epfo ica ruguru, ibintu vuba bizoba bibi, bibi gusumvya.
